The 'order of things': Tracing a hostory of the present through a re-reading of the past in nursing education
Kim Walker
Nursing (Applied Research), St Vincent's Private Hospital, Australian Catholic University, Darlinghurst NSW
Colin Holmes
Adjunct Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville QLD
PP: 106 - 118
Abstract
For the best part of modern history, nursing's education system has tended to fore-ground the pragmatic over the esoteric, the practical over the theoretical and the primacy of character over intellect.
As a consequence of this binary logic at work, nursing education inoculated its neophytes with a set of troublesome values about the importance of nursing education vis-à-vis nursing practice and, as a result, created a powerful cultural climate which both wittingly and unwittingly perpetuated the subjugation of nurses to other health professionals rather than the obverse.
In this paper, a number of historical educational texts are read from a ‘presentist' perspective to illustrate how a certain ‘order of things' inscribed itself on the body/subjects of generations of nurses. This history has left an unfortunate legacy that ensures nurses' political voice continues to remain muted and their contribution to healthcare under-recognised and under-valued.
Keywords
education, history, gender, power, patriarchy
References
Aiken LH, Clarke SP, Cheung RB, Sloane DM and Silber JH (2003) Educational levels of hospital nurses and surgical patient mortality. Journal of the American Medical Association 290(12): 1617-1623.
Baly M (1986a) Florence Nightingale and the nursing legacy. Croom Helm, London UK.
Baly M (1986b) Shattering the Nightingale myth. Nursing Times 82(24): 16-18.
Bjørk IT (1997) Changing conceptions of practical skill and skill acquisition in nursing education. Nursing Inquiry 4: 184-195.
Brackman Keane C (1969) Essentials of nursing: A medical-surgical text for practical nurses 2nd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Bradshaw A (2000) Competence and British nursing: a view from history. Journal of Clinical Nursing 9: 321-329.
Burbidge GN (1935) Lectures for nurses 1st edn, Australasian Medical Publishing Company, Glebe NSW.
Burbidge GN (1944) Lectures for nurses 4th edn, Australasian Medical Publishing Company, Glebe NSW.
Cuff HE and Pugh WT (1924) Practical nursing including hygiene and dietetics. William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh.
Darling HCR (1917) Surgical nursing and after-treatment: A handbook for nurses. J and A Churchill, London UK.
Doherty MK, Sirl MB and Ring OI (1959) Modern practical nursing procedures 8th edn, Dymocks, Sydney NSW.
Foucault M (1984) The Foucault reader (ed. P Rabinow). Pantheon, New York.
Foucault M (1980) Power/Knowledge: selected interviews and other writing 1972-1977 (ed. C Gordon). Pantheon, New York.
Giarelli E (1989) ‘An historical study of nursing ethics education in the United States - 1873-1933'. Unpublished Doctoral thesis, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick.
Godden J (2006) Lucy Osburn, a lady displaced. Sydney University Press, Sydney NSW.
Godden J (2001a) A ‘lamentable failure'? The founding of Nightingale nursing in Australia, 1868-1884. Australian Historical Studies 32(117): 276-291.
Godden J (2001b) ‘Like a possession of the devil': The diffusion of Nightingale nursing and Anglo-Australian relations. International History of Nursing Journal 6(2): 52-58.
Godden J, Curry G and Delacour S (1992) The decline of myths and myopia? The use and abuse of nursing history. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 10(2): 27-34.
Godden J and Helmstadter C (2004) Woman's mission and professional knowledge: Nightingale nursing in colonial Australia and Canada. Social History of Medicine 17(2): 157-174.
Hansen HF (1958) Study guide and review of practical nursing 2nd edn, WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
Helmstadter C (1997) Doctors and nurses in the London teaching hospitals: Class, gender, religion, and professional expertise, 1850-1890. Nursing History Review 5: 161-197.
Holmes CA (1992) ‘Critical Theory and the Discourse of Nursing Ethics'. PhD thesis, Faculty of Nursing, Deakin University, Geelong VIC.
Keane CB (1969) Essentials of Nursing 1st edn, Saunders, Philadelphia.
Le Vasseur J (1998) Plato, Nightingale, and contemporary nursing. Image - The Journal of Nursing Scholarship 30(3): 281-285.
Lee W-H, Pope M, Han S-S and Yang S-O (2000) Korean nurses' perceptions of ethical problems: Toward a new code of ethics for nursing. Nursing and Health Sciences 2: 217-224.
McCullough W and Moffit M (1949) Illustrated handbook of simple nursing. McGraw-Hill, New York.
McLaren P (1988) Language, social structure and the production of subjectivity. Critical Pedagogy Networker May/June 1&2: 1-10.
Nelson S and Gordon S (2004) The rhetoric of rupture: nursing as a practice with a history? Nursing Outlook 52: 255-261.
Nelson S and Greehan M (2005) Visioning the future by knowing the past. In Daly J, Speedy S and Jackson D (eds) Contexts of nursing: an introduction 2nd edn, Elsevier, Sydney NSW.
Nightingale F (1969) Notes on nursing: on what it is, and what it is not. Dover Publications, New York.
Nixon JA and Wakeley C (1948) Grove's and Brickdale's text-book for nurses (Revised). Oxford University Press, London UK.
Olson T and Walsh E (2004) Handling the sick. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Ohio.
Pearce E (1937) A General Textbook of Nursing. Faber & Faber, London UK.
Pugh WT (1953) Practical nursing including hygiene, elementary psychology and dietetics. William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh UK.
Quinn FM (1980) The Principles and practice of nurse education. Croom Helm, London UK.
Rafferty A-M (1996) The politics of nursing knowledge. Routledge, London UK.
Roberts K (1995) Research, theoretical and clinical scholarship, connections and disconnections. In Gray G and Pratt R (eds) Scholarship in the discipline of nursing. Churchill Livingstone, Melbourne VIC.
Roberts K (1996) A snapshot of Australian nursing scholarship 1993-1994. Collegian 3(1): 4-10.
Roberts K (1997) Nurse academics' scholarly productivity: Framed by the system, facilitated by mentoring. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 14(3): 5-13.
Roberts K and Turnbull B (2002-2003) Scholarly productivity: Are nurse academics catching up? Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 20(2): 8-14.
Sellman D (1997) The virtues in the moral education of nurses: Florence Nightingale revisited. Nursing Ethics 4(1): 3-11.
Silverman HJ (1994) Textualities: Between hermeneutics and deconstruction. Routledge, New York.
Smith FB (1982) Florence Nightingale: Reputation and power. Croom Helm, London UK.
Stoney EMA (1907) Practical points in nursing for nurses in private practice. WB Saunders, London UK.
Strachan G (1995) ‘It is natural to every woman to be, to some extent, a nurse': Nursing in the latter half of the nineteenth century in Australia. Journal of Interdisciplinary Gender Studies 1(1): 23-31.
Street A (1992) Inside nursing: A critical ethnography of clinical nursing. State University of New York Press, Albany.
Walker K (1993) ‘On what it might mean to be a nurse: A discursive ethnography'. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, La Trobe University, Melbourne VIC.
Walker K (1997) Dangerous liaisons: thinking, doing, nursing. Collegian 4(2): 4-14.
Walker K (2005) On philosophy: Nursing and the politics of truth. In Daly J, Speedy S and Jackson D (eds) Contexts of nursing: an introduction 2nd edn, Elsevier, Sydney NSW.
Watson JK (1908) A handbook for nurses with examination questions based on the content of the chapters. The Scientific Press, London UK.
Williams K (2008) Florence Nightingale: The need for a reappraisal. Wellcome History 37: 2-4.

eContent Home



