Archives
A reflection on culture over time by Baccalaureate nursing students
Hendrika J Maltby
Department of Nursing, University of Vermont
Burlington VT, United States of America; Edith Cowan University, Joondalup WA
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective descriptive study was to compare students’ reflective responses to a set question 18 months apart to determine if their understanding of nurses’ commitment to serve all clients regardless of age, gender, religious affiliation, or racial origin changed. One hundred and twenty-six reflections (63 pairs) were thematically analysed.
Three themes were developed: equal treatment; commitment to serve all clients; and ‘it’s not easy’. Cultural competency, although not yet fully operationalized in the nursing profession, is a developmental process that goes across time. It is also more than learning about other cultures.
Keywords
culturally competency, nursing students, reflection
References
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1998) The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education. Washington DC.
American Institutes for Research (2002) Teaching Cultural Competence in Health Care: A review of current concepts, policies and practices. Report prepared for the Office of Minority Health. Washington DC.
Anderson KL (2004) Teaching cultural competence using an exemplar from literary journalism. Journal of Nursing Education 43: 253-259.
Barnes LL (2004) Concept Paper: Culturally Competent Care. Commissioned for the Consensus Building Meeting for the Culturally competent Nursing Modules project, Office of Minority Health. Washington DC: American Institutes for Research.
Beal G (2005) Knowledge and action: Developing cultural competence. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 43: 7.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs (2002) Questionnaire for Values Clarification. Johns Hopkins.
Boyle JS (2000) Transcultural nursing: Where do we go from here? Journal of Transcultural Nursing 11: 10-11.
Browne AJ and Varcoe C (2006) Critical cultural perspectives and health care involving Aboriginal peoples. Contemporary Nurse 22: 155-167.
Browne AJ, Johnson JL, Bottorff JL, Grewal S and Hilton BA (2002) Recognizing discrimination in nursing practice. Canadian Nurse 98: 24-27.
Campinha-Bacote J (1999) A model and instrument for addressing cultural competence in health care, Journal of Nursing Education 38: 203-207.
Campinha-Bacote J (2002a) The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 13: 181-184.
Campinha-Bacote J (2002b) A Culturally Conscious Model of Care, accessed at http://www.transculturalcare.net/Cultural_Competence_Model.htm.
Campinha-Bacote J (2006) Cultural competence in nursing curricula: How are we doing 20 years later? Journal of Nursing Education 45: 243-244.
Chalmers K, Sequire M and Brown J (2003) Health promotion and tobacco control: Student nurses’ perspectives. Journal of Nursing Education 42: 106-112.
Colaizzi P (1978) Psychological research as the phenomenologists view it, in Valle R and King M (eds) Existential-Phenomenological Alternatives for Psychology, Oxford University Press, New York.
DeSantis LA and Lipson JG (2007) Brief history of inclusion of content on culture in nursing education, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 18: 7S-–9S.
Duffy ME (2001) A critique of cultural education in nursing, Journal of Advanced Nursing 36: 487-495.
Flowers DL (2004) Culturally competent nursing care: A challenge for the 21st Century. Critical Care Nurse 24: 48–52.
Gilbert MJ (ed) (2002) Principles and Recommended Standards for Cultural Competence Education of Health Care Professionals, The California Endowment, Los Angeles CA.
Health Resources and Services Administration (2004) Preliminary Findings: 2004 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses, Washington DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, accessed at http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/reports/rnpopulation/preliminaryfindings.htm.
Hoffmann RL, Mesmer PR, Hill-Rodriguez DL and Vazquez D (2005) A collaborative approach to expand clinical experiences and cultural awareness among undergraduate nursing students, Journal of Professional Nursing 21: 240-243.
Hunt RJ and Swiggum P (2007) Being in another world: Transcultural student experiences using service learning with families who are homeless, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 18: 167-174.
Jeffreys MR (2000) Development and psychometric evaluation of the transcultural self-efficacy tool: A synthesis of findings, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 11: 127-136.
Joint Commission (2007) Hospital, Language and Culture, accessed at http://www.jointcommission.org/PatientSafety/HLC/.
Kennell LS, Nyback MH and Ingalsbe KS (2005) Increasing cultural competence through asynchronous web-based interactions between two nursing programs, Journal of Nursing Education 44: 244.
Kirkham SR and Anderson JM (2002) Postcolonial nursing scholarship: From epistemology to method. Advances in Nursing Science 25: 1-17.
Kirkham SR, Smye V, Tang S, Anderson J, Blue C and Browne A (2002) Rethinking cultural safety while waiting to do fieldwork: Methodological implications for nursing research. Research in Nursing and Health 25: 222-232.
Lipson JG and Desanti, LA (2007) Current approaches to integrating elements of cultural competence in nursing education, Journal of Transcultural Nursing Supp.18: 10S-20S.
Moch SD, Long GL, Jones JW, Shadick K and Solheim K (1999) Faculty and student cross-cultural learning through teaching health promotion in the community, Journal of Nursing Education 38: 238-240.
Office of Minority Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (2000) National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) in Health Care, Federal Register 65(247): 80865–80879, Rockville MD.
Preacher KJ (2001) Calculation for the chi-square test: An interactive calculation tool for chi-square tests of goodness of fit and independence, accessed at http://www.psych.ku.edu/preacher/chisq/chisq.htm.
Rew L, Becker H, Cookston J, Khosropour S and Martinez S (2003) Measuring cultural awareness in nursing students, Journal of Nursing Education 42: 249-257.
Ryan M and Twibell RS (2002) Outcomes of a transcultural nursing immersion experience, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 13: 30-39.
Ryan M, Carlton K and Ali N (2000) Transcultural nursing concepts and experiences in nursing curricula, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 11: 300-307.
Shearer R and Davidhizar R (2003) Using role play to develop cultural competence, Journal of Nursing Education 42: 273-276.
Thomas MD, Olivares SA, Kim HJ and Beilke C (2003) An intensive cultural experience in a rural area, Journal of Professional Nursing 19: 126-133.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority health (2001) National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care: Final Report. Rockville MD: Author. Available from http://www.omhrc.gov/assets/pdf/checked/finalreport.pdf.
Warner JR (2002) Cultural competence immersion experiences. Public health among the Navajo, Nurse Educator 27: 187-190.

eContent Home