Archives
Cultural competency of graduating US Bachelor of Science nursing students
Suzan Kardong-Edgren
Assistant Professor, Intercollegiate College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane WA, United States of America
Josepha Campinha-Bacote
President, Transcultural CARE Associates, Case Western Reserve University, Cincinnati OH, United States of America
Abstract
Cultural competence in the delivery of nursing care is an expectation of accreditation and approval boards for nursing in the United States. This study evaluated the effectiveness of four different nursing program curricula in developing culturally competent new graduates.
Four methodologically and geographically diverse groups of graduating BSN students in the United States were given the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competency Among Healthcare Professionals-Revised (IAPCCC-R®) prior to graduation and after completion of course work.
A variety of curricular methods for achieving cultural competency were included. Two programs utilise a theory or a model developed by recognised transcultural expert nurses, Madeline Leininger and Josepha Campinha-Bacote. One program utilised an integrated approach employing no specific model. One program utilised a free-standing two credit culture course within the curriculum, taught by nursing faculty with strong cultural preparation.
Results indicate that these 212 graduating nursing students scored only in the culturally aware range, as measured by the IAPCC-R©, regardless of what program model they attended.
Keywords
nursing, cultural competency, BSN students, curriculum, nursing students
References
Alpers RR and Zoucha R (1996) Comparison of cultural competence and cultural confidence of senior nursing students in a private southern university, Journal of Cultural Diversity 3: 9–15.
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1997) A Vision of Baccalaureate and Graduate Nursing Education: The Next Decade (Position Paper), Washington DC: Author.
American Nurses Association, Council on Cultural Diversity in Nursing Practice (1986) Cultural diversity in the nursing education curriculum: A guide for implementation, American Nurses Association.
Betancourt J (2007) Commentary on ‘Current approaches to integrating elements of cultural competence in nursing education', Journal of Transcultural Nursing 18: 25S–27S.
Bond ML (2004) Testimony to the Sullivan Commission: Diversity in the Healthcare Workforce. Washington DC.
Bond ML, Kardong-Edgren S and Jones ME (2001) Assessment of professional nursing students knowledge and attitudes about patients of diverse cultures, Journal of Professional Nursing 17: 305–312.
Boyle J (2007) Commentary on ‘Current approaches to integrating elements of cultural competence in nursing education', Journal of Transcultural Nursing 21: 20S–22S.
Campinha-Bacote J (2003) The Process of Cultural Competency in the Delivery of Healthcare Services: A Culturally Competent Model of Care, Transcultural CARE Associates.
Campinha-Bacote J (2006) Cultural competence in nursing curricula: How are we doing 20 years later? Journal of Nursing Education 45: 243–244.
Campinha-Bacote J (2007) Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence Among Healthcare Professionals - Student Version, Transcultural CARE Associates. Accessed 21 May 2007 from http://www.transculturalcare.net/iapcc-sv.htm.
Coffman M, Shellman J and Bernal H (2004) An integrative review of American nurses' perceived cultural self-efficacy, Journal of Nursing Scholarship 36: 180–185.
Felder EJ (1990) Baccalaureate and associate degree student nurse’s cultural knowledge of and attitudes toward Black American clients, Journal of Nursing Education 29: 276–282.
Dreher M and McNaughton N (2002) Cultural competency in nursing: Foundation or fallacy Nursing Outlook 50: 182–186.
Grant LF and Lentzring TD (2003) Status of cultural competence in nursing education: A literature review, The Journal of Multicultural Nursing and Health 9: 6–13.
Grossman D, Massey P, Blais K, Geiger E, Lowe J, Pereira O, Stewart A, Taylor R, Filer V and Nembhard J (1998) Cultural diversity in Florida nursing programs: A survey of deans and directors, Journal of Nursing Education 37: 22–26.
Jones ME and Bond ML (2000) Personal adjustment, language acquisition and culture learning in short-term cultural immersion, International Review 2: 33–47.
Kardong-Edgren S, Bond ML, Schlosser S, Cason C, Jones ME, Warr R and Strunk P (2005) Cultural attitudes, knowledge and skills of nursing faculty toward patients of four diverse cultures, Journal of Professional Nursing 21: 175–182.
Kardong-Edgren S (2007) Cultural competency of nursing faculty, Journal of Nursing Education 46: 360–366.
Kulwicki A and Bolonik BJ (1996) Assessment level of comfort in providing multicultural nursing care by baccalaureate nursing students, Journal of Cultural Diversity 3: 40–45.
Leininger M and McFarland M (2002) Transcultural Nursing: Concepts, Theories, Research and Practice 3rd edn, San Francisco: McGraw-Hill.
Lipson J and DeSantis L (2007) Current approaches to integrating elements of cultural competence in nursing education, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 18: 10S–20S.
National League for Nursing (2003) Innovation in Nursing Education: A Call to Reform, National League for Nursing New York.
Napholz L (1999) A comparison of self-reported cultural competency skills among two groups of nursing students: Implications for nursing education, Journal of Nursing Education 38: 81–83.
Pope-Davis D, Eliason M and Ottavi T (1994) Are nursing students multiculturally competent? An exploratory investigation, Journal of Nursing Education 33: 31–33.
Ryan M, Carlton K and Ali N (2000) Transcultural nursing concepts and experiences in nursing curricula, Journal of Transcultural Nursing 11: 300–307.
Schlosser S, Bourrand J, Warr S and Lowe M (2004) 'The Lived Academic Experience of African-American School of Nursing Graduates While Enrolled in a Private Religious-affiliated Majority University', 29th Annual Transcultural Nursing Society Conference, San Antonio.
St Clair A and McKenry L (1999) Preparing culturally competent practitioners, Journal of Nursing Education 38: 228–234.
Vito K, Roszkowski M and Wieland D (2005) 'Measuring Cultural Competence as a Curriculum Outcome: What we learned from our experiences with two instruments', National League for Nursing Education Summit, Baltimore.
Zorn C, Ponick D and Peck S (1995) An analysis of the impact of participation in an international study program on the cognitive development of senior baccalaureate nursing students, Journal of Nursing Education 34: 67–70
eContent Home