A feminist analysis of the menopause discourse
Charlotte Loppie
Interdisciplinary Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Barbara Keddy
Professor, School of Nursing and Women's Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
PP: 092 - 099
Abstract
Menopause has been viewed as a medical condition which needs to be treated. The discourse surrounding the process reflects a positivist paradigm without acknowledgement of the lived experiences of women who have been given conflicting information.
In this paper we write about the dilemmas faced by peri menopausal, menopausal and post menopausal women as they grapple with the issues that focus on 'symptoms', rather than a natural phenomenon. We point out that the 'science' of menopause is class, race and gender biased as we present a feminist analysis of the concerns facing mid life women.
Keywords
menopause; discourse analysis; women's health; ageing
References
Bell, S. (1987) Changing ideas: The medicalization of menopause. Social Science and Medicine 24: 535-542.
Bell, S. (1990) Sociological perspectives on the medicalization of menopause. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 592: 173-178.
Bell, S. (1990a) The medicalization of menopause. In Formanek, R. (Ed.) The meanings of menopause: historical, medical, and clinical perspectives. London: The Analytic Press.
Berger, G. (1999) Menopause and Culture. London: Pluto Press.
Berg, J. & Lipson, J. (1999) Information Sources, Menopause Beliefs, and Health Complaints of Midlife Filipinas. Health Care for Women International 20(1): 81-92.
Birnbaum, D. (1990) Self-help for menopause: A feminist approach. In Flint, M, Kronenberg, F. and Utian, W. (Eds.) Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Menopause. NY: New York Academy of Sciences.
Bowles, C. (1990) The menopausal experience: Sociocultural influences and theoretical models. In Formanek, R. (Ed) The meanings of menopause: historical, medical, and clinical perspectives. London: The Analytic Press.
Cabot, S. (1995) Smart Medicine for Menopause. New York: Avery Publishing.
DeBeauvoir, S. (1970) Growing Old. Great Britain: C. Nicholls & Co. Ltd.
Dickson, G. (1990) A feminist post-structrualist analysis of the knowledge of menopause. Adv. Nursing Science 12(3): 15-31.
Doress-Worters, P. & Laskin Siegal, D. (1994) Ourselves, growing older: Women aging with knowledge and power. Toronto: Simon & Schuster.
Formanek, R. (Ed.) (1990) The meanings of menopause: historical, medical, and clinical perspectives. London: The Analytic Press.
Greene, J. (1984) The social and physiological origins of the climacteric syndrome. Vermont
Greer, G. (1992) The change: women, aging and the menopause. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Hankivsky, O. (1999) Social Justice and Women's Health: A Canadian Perspective. Synthesis Papers. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Maritime Centre of Excellence in Women's Health.
Harding, S. (1991)Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? New York: Cornell University Press.
Kaufert, P. L. (1990) Methodological issues in menopause research. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 592: 114-122.
Lee, J. (1996) What your doctor may not tell you about menopause. NY: Warner Books.
Lock, M. (1993) Encounters with aging: Mythologies of menopause in Japan and North America. London: University of California Press.
MacPherson, K. (1981) Menopause as disease: The social construction of a metaphor. Advances in Nursing Science 3: 95-113.
MacPherson, K. (1985) Osteoporosis and menopause: A feminist analysis of the social construction of a syndrome. Advances in Nursing Science 7: 11-22.
Martin, E. (1992) The woman in the body: Cultural analysis of reproduction. Boston: Beacon Press.
O'Leary Cobb, J. (1994) Menopause or aging? Canadian Woman Studies 14: 19-20.
Prior, J. (1998) Perimenopause: The complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition. Endocrinology Reviews 19(4): 397-428.
Wilson, R.A. & Wilson, T. (1963) The fate of the Non-treated Post-Menopausal Woman: A Plea for the Maintenance of Adequate Estrogen from Puberty to the Grave. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 11(March): 347.
Wilson, R. (1966) Feminine Forever. New York: Mayflower-Dell.
Zita, J. (1997) Heresy in the Female Body: The Rhetoric of Menopause. In M. Pearsall (ed.) The Other Within Us Feminist Explorations of Women and Aging, pp. 95-112. Oxford: Westview Press.

eContent Home




